Administering a cholesterol drug alongside an antibiotic eases atypical behavior and restores the signaling balance in the brains of people with fragile X syndrome.

Experiences may shape the human brain by altering neurons that boost brain activity.

Specialized neurons called chandelier cells, which dampen brain signals, make unusually few connections in the brains of people with autism.

Mice lacking one copy of a leading autism gene have hyperexcitable brains and problems with learning and memory.

An unprecedented look at gene expression in tens of thousands of brain cells from autistic people suggests important roles in the condition for a neuronal subtype and for microglia.

In mice exposed to maternal inflammation in the womb, a key chemical messenger never makes the switch from exciting brain signals to inhibiting them.

New results from brain scans of adults with autism are at odds with the popular theory that the condition involves weak brakes on brain activity.

How many cell types does the brain contain? Two new mouse studies bring scientists closer to the answer.

Novel sensors enable researchers to monitor the activity of two signaling chemicals in the brains of living fruit flies and mice.