The brains of autistic children show few differences from those of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or even of controls.

Children who have repetitive behaviors, a core autism trait, may show particular patterns of brain activity as early as 1 year of age.

Administering a cholesterol drug alongside an antibiotic eases atypical behavior and restores the signaling balance in the brains of people with fragile X syndrome.

Mice and people missing a copy of a chromosomal region called 16p11.2 show similar patterns of weak brain connections.

The brains of men with autism may have a mosaic of features from both genders.

The drug mavoglurant has no effect on a brain circuit involved in social behavior in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. That may explain its poor performance in people with the condition.

Differences in sleep and circadian rhythm may distort the results of autism studies.

A different set of genes regulates brain activity in people with autism than the set involved in controls.

People with autism show frequent swings in synchronized activity between brain regions, a finding that could explain inconsistencies across studies.

Researchers have uncovered 38 genes, including 9 autism candidates, that may fine-tune brain activity.